The pursuit of gender equality and women’s empowerment is essential in crisis situations. A strong body of evidence exists that hunger and rural poverty can be reduced when gender equality is factored into programming. Men, women, boys and girls are exposed to different types of risks and challenges, and have specific coping strategies related to food and nutrition security. A better understanding of these gender-related differences and constraints is critical to help communities become more resilient in the face of risk and uncertainty. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has developed a number of proven approaches to work with rural men and women in protracted crises situations. These approaches not only focus on the practical needs of women and girls, but strive to positively transform gender roles and relations, thus meeting their strategic needs. This webinar will discuss policy responses and programming measures aimed at gender equality, based on FAO experiences in different protracted crises contexts. The webinar will focus in particular on the implementation of the recommendations and principles of the Committee on World Food Security’s Framework for Action for Food Security and Nutrition in Protracted Crises. ©FAO

1. 1

2. 2
List
of
webinar
s

3. INFORMED
INFORMATION FOR NUTRITION FOOD SECURITY AND RESILIENCE FOR
DECISION MAKING

4. 4
#ks4resilience
#resilience
#UNFAO

5. Gender equality for resilience
in protracted crises
Speaker: Unna Mustalampi, Gender
Mainstreaming Officer, FAO
Moderator: Dominique Burgeon,
Strategic Programme Leader, FAO’s
Programme on Resilience, Director of
Emergency and Rehabilitation Division
Strategic Programme 5: Increasing resilience
to threats and crises
Monday, 5 September 2016: 14.00 – 15.30 CEST

6. • Situations in which a significant proportion of the
population is acutely vulnerable to death, disease
and disruption of livelihoods over a prolonged period
• Common characteristics (not all need to be present):
longevity, conflict, weak governance,
unsustainable livelihood systems, breakdown of
local institutions
• Food insecurity is the most common manifestation of
protracted crises
What are protracted crises?

7. Context – Alarming trends
• Record numbers of displaced people – highest since World
War II
• 1,5 billion in countries in repeated cycles of violent conflict
• 40 % of fragile and post-conflict countries relapse into conflict
within 10 years
• Conflicts cost USD 14.3 trillion globally – 13 % of world GDP
• Protracted crises mean prevalence of undernourishment
3x higher than elsewhere
• Intensifying competition over already scarce resources,
compounded by climate change

8. • A global policy instrument
from 2015, with an objective to
improve the food security and nutrition
of populations affected by, or at risk of,
protracted crises by: 1) addressing
critical manifestations and building
resilience; 2) adapting to specific
challenges; and 3) contributing to
addressing underlying causes.
• Gender equality Principle (5):
“Empower women and girls, promote
gender equality and encourage gender
sensitivity.”
Framework for Action for Food Security and
Nutrition in Protracted Crises

9. Gender equality for resilience
in protracted crises
Speaker: Unna Mustalampi, Gender
Mainstreaming Officer, FAO
Moderator: Dominique Burgeon,
Strategic Programme Leader, FAO’s
Programme on Resilience, Director of
Emergency and Rehabilitation Division
Strategic Programme 5: Increasing resilience
to threats and crises
Monday, 5 September 2016: 14.00 – 15.30 CEST

10. I. Why does gender matter in protracted crises?
II. How to improve gender inclusion in food security
programming and policies in protracted crises?
III. Future perspectives for gender-responsive food security
programming to build peace?
Webinar outline

11. Impacts are gender and age specific:
• New economic roles for men and women
• Migration patterns
• Increase in work burden
• Women with fewer assets and less access to resources,
services, employment opportunities
• Negative coping strategies such as early marriages and
transactional sex
• Increase in gender-based violence (GBV)
I. Why does gender matter in protracted
crises?

12. In some crisis settings,
gender-based violence
affects over 70 %
of women.
Between 10 and 20
% of all land holders are
women in developing
countries, based on data
available.
Only two per cent of aidto fragile states and economies in 2012 and 2013
targeted gender equality as a principal objective, and only USD 130 million
out of almost USD 32 billion of total aid went to women’s
equality organizations and institutions.

13. “Women manifest an impressive resilience and
multifaceted array of talents, but they also face a range of
constraints – particularly in their access to productive
resources such as land, inputs, training and financial
services – which prevent them from becoming equally
competitive economic players, capable of creating better
lives for themselves and their families, and contributing
fully to the growth of their communities and countries.”
FAO Director-General José Graziano da Silva
Contd…Why does gender matter in
protracted crises?

14. • FAO estimates that agricultural
outputs could be increased
between 2,5 to 4 % by granting
male and female farmers equal
access to productive resources
• Humanitarian interventions that
ensure women’s participation
are the most successful in
delivering food security
• Resources and income
controlled by women are more
likely used to improve family
food consumption and welfare
Gender-responsive programming is better
programming

15. 1. Gender analysis as part of needs
assessments
2. Build on women’s capacities and knowledge
for livelihood support
3. Reduce the workload of women and girls
4. Ensure protection from gender-based violence
5. Transform gender relations
II. How to improve gender inclusion in FSN
programming?

16. • Conduct gender
analysis as part of
needs assessments
• A necessary step that
requires adequate
resources and
gender expertise
1. Conduct gender analysis

17. • Design gender-specific actions
• Unconditional cash transfers to enable
participation in productive activities?
• Engage men and traditional authorities
• Monitor accrual of benefits
2. Build on women’s capacities and knowledge
for livelihood support

18. Boat building and post-harvest
processing in Somalia FAO

19. • Identify the underlying causes of time
poverty and work burden
• Assess the impact of new practices on
time use of women, men, girls and boys
• Design mitigation strategies with
communities and households most at risk
3. Reduce the workload of women and girls

20. Fuel-efficient stoves in Sudan
FAO

21. • Analyze GBV risks
• Identify targeted
measures, engaging both
men and women
• Seek partnerships with
protection and gender
agencies
4. Ensure protection from gender-based violence

22. Preventing GBV in Northern Uganda
FAO

23. • Invest in women’s leadership and negotiation
skills
• Promote participatory community and
household approaches with an explicit gender
equality goal
• Engage local women’s groups as strategic
partners
4. Transform gender relations

24. Dimitra Clubs in DRC
FAO

25. 1. Develop policies and
regulatory frameworks that
promote gender equality and
the empowerment of women
2. Encourage gender-sensitive
information systems
3. Establish gender-responsive
governance mechanisms
Future perspectives:
Creating an enabling environment towards
gender equality

26. “Food security is an important foundation for peace, political stability and
sustainable development. In the history of humanity, time and time again we
have seen vicious circles linking violence and hunger -- and these are
conflicts that are not restricted by national borders”
FAO Director-General José Graziano da Silva
III. Future perspectives:
Contribution to sustainable peace
“Unquestionable evidence proves that women’s meaningful participation
increases the effectiveness of humanitarian assistance, the credibility and
quality of peacekeeping, the pace of economic recovery in post-conflict
settigns, and the sustainability of peace agreements.”
UN Secretary-General, Ban-Ki Moon

27. • Strengthening social cohesion through collective action
(agricultural cooperatives, women’s networks)
• Promoting women’s agency (eg. women’s roles as managers
of natural resources)
• Restructuring of markets
Future perspectives:
Contribution to sustainable peace

28. Thank you !

29. Gender equality for resilience in protracted crises
Comments ?
Questions?
Please write them
in the chat box

30. 30
THANK YOU !
Give us your feedback
Click on the link in the chat
box
Knowledge Sharing Platform on Resilience